The surnames listed are taken from the SOUNDEX B400 category. We have been successful in proving close relationships between colonial ancestors. Y-DNA tests have validated some genealogical records, and also disproved other assumed relationships. If you are male and testing your own ancestry you can provide a DNA sample (easy and painless!); otherwise, you must have a living male descendant of the surname for which ancestry is to be determined, who is willing to be tested. Y-DNA tests will establish genetic signatures for the paternal lines. Women can take mtDNA tests to establish maternal ancestry or may use close male relatives, of that surname, as surrogates in the testing. More details can be found at the website shown, or contact a project administrator for help. We do not recommend any Y-DNA test with less than 25 markers! We have some group members who were tested with 12 markers, and their profiles match multiple groups but don't determine an exact group. Thomas G. Beals <tg.beals@yahoo.com>