Y-DNA tests - STRs and SnPs:

FamilyTreeDNA offers several STR tests (Y-37, Y-67, Y-111). Relationship between STR matches is determined by genetic differences (GD) on the Y chromosome. When a GD becomes too great (around 10% or more of the number of markers tested), it is unlikely that the two people share a common ancestor within a genealogical timeframe (i.e. since about 1,200 C.E.). STR test results will provide you with a predicted haplogroup.

SnP (snip) tests look at mutations on the Y chromosome. These results reach beyond a genealogical timeframe and can leapfrog over genealogical brick walls. SnP testing will confirm a haplogroup.

Big-Y:  FamilyTreeDNA’s main SnP test offering is the Big-Y.  It is the most informative and conclusive Y-DNA test. An upgrade (from Y37 or Y67) to Big-Y includes Y-111 results for free.

Where to start? A basic Y-STR test will connect you with your DNA family. For more information, consider upgrades until you get to Big-Y. Watch for sales that occur year-round, often at holidays.

A Y-111 DNA test will reveal if you have the McCloskey signature STR values in which case, you are encouraged to join the: 

• Cenél nEógain DNA Project at this link: www.familytreedna.com/groups/cenel-eoghainy-dnaproject AND the
• Dal Cuinn Teora Connachta and the Ui Neill at this link: https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/dalcuinnteoraconnachtaandtheuineill/dna-results