ROSCOE HAPLOGROUPS

The fifteen Roscoe (and variant spellings) Y-DNA testers so far include three descendants of Capt. William Rasco. In total there is one test showing a Haplogroup G, one that shows I1, seven tests showing as Haplogroup I2a and three testers in Haplogroup R. We have five mtDNA testers two in Haplogroup J, two in Haplogroup K & one in Haplogroup W. There are also 19 project members who have had the atDNA test completed. A short Haplogroup definition follows:

Y-DNA HAPLOGROUPS -----

HAPLOGROUP G (M201) In human genetics, Haplogroup G (M201) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is a branch of Haplogroup F (M89) and is theorized to have originated, according to the latest thinking, in the Near East or Southern Asia, probably in the region that is now northern India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. The haplogroup began to spread with the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution, perhaps with the appearance of the early horse nomads of the Eurasian steppe. 

HAPLOGROUP I1 (I-M253) The mutations identified with Haplogroup I-M253(Y-DNA) are M253, M307, P30, and P40.  The haplogroup was previously thought to have originated 15,000 years old in Iberia but is now estimated to have originated between 4,000 - 5,000 years ago. It is suggested that it initially dispersed from Denmark. I-M253 is found at its highest density in Northern Europe and other countries that experienced extensive migration from Northern Europe, either in the Migration Period, the Viking period or modern times. It is found in all places invaded by the ancient Germanic peoples and the Vikings. In the modern era, significant I-M253 populations have also taken root in immigrant nations and former European colonies such as the United States, Australia, and Canada. 

HAPLOGROUP I2a I2a* (recently changed from I1b) In human genetics, Haplogroup I2 (P215/S31) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. Until 2008, it was formerly known as Haplogroup I1b. Haplogroup I2a*(P37.2) accounts for most of the Haplogroup I component in the Y-chromosome diversity of Eastern European populations, reaching its peak in the Western Balkans, most notably in Dalmatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina (40-50%). The high frequency and diversity of Haplogroup I2a* among populations of the WesternBalkans lends support to the hypothesis that the Adriatic region of modern-day Croatia served as a refuge for populations bearing Haplogroup I2a* during the last glacial maximum. 

HAPLOGROUP R R1b1a2* (M269) European R1b is dominated by R-M269. It has been found at generally low frequencies throughout central Eurasia, but with relatively high frequency among Bashkirs of the Perm Region (84.0%). This marker is also present in China and India at frequencies of less than one percent. The frequency is about 71% in Scotland, 70% in Spain and 60%in France. In south-eastern England the frequency of this clade is about 70%; in parts of the rest of north and western England, Spain, Portugal, Wales, and Ireland, it is as high as90%; and in parts of north-western Ireland, it reaches 98%. It is also found in North Africa, where its frequency surpasses 10% in some parts of Algeria.

mtDNA HAPLOGROUPS -----

HAPLOGROUP J is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade derives from the haplogroup JT, which also gave rise to haplogroup T. In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Jasmine. The average frequency of haplogroup J as a whole is today highest in the Near East (12%), followed by Europe (11%), the Caucasus (8%) and Northeast Africa (6%).

HAPLOGROUP K is believed to have originated in the mid-Upper Paleolithic, between about 30,000 and 22,000 years ago. It is the most common subclade of haplogroup U8b, with an estimated age of c. 12,000 years BP. Haplogroup K appears in West Eurasia, North Africa, the Horn of Africa and South Asia, and in populations with such an ancestry.

HAPLOGROUP W is found in Europe, West Asia, and South Asia. It is widely distributed at low frequencies, with a high concentration in Northern Pakistan. Haplogroup W is also found in the Maghreb among Algerians (1.08%-3.23%). Additionally, the clade has been observed among ancient Egyptian mummies excavated at the Abusir el-Meleqarchaeological site in Middle Egypt, which date from the Ptolemaic era.